Magnesium intake and primary liver cancer incidence and mortality in the Prostate,Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial

Epidemiological studies on magnesium intake and primary liver cancer (PLC) are scarce, and no prospective studies have examined the associations of magnesium intake with PLC incidence and mortality. We sought to clarify whether higher magnesium intake from diet and supplements was associated with lower risks of PLC incidence and mortality in the US population. Magnesium intake from diet and supplements was evaluated through a food frequency questionnaire in a cohort of 104,025 participants. Cox regression was employed to calculate hazard ratios for PLC incidence and competing risk regression was employed to calculate subdistribution hazard ratios for PLC mortality. Restricted cubic spline regression was employed to test nonlinearity. We documented 116 PLC cases during 1,193,513.5 person-years of follow-up and 100 PLC deaths during 1,198,021.3 person-years of follow-up. Total (diet + supplements) magnesium intake was found to be inversely associated with risks of PLC incidence (hazard ratio_{tertile 3 vs. 1}: 0.44; 95% confidence interval: 0.24, 0.80; p_trend = 0.0065) and mortality (subdistribution hazard ratio_{tertile 3 vs. 1}: 0.37; 95% confidence interval: 0.19, 0.71; p_trend = 0.0008). Similar results were obtained for dietary magnesium intake. Nonlinear inverse dose–response associations with PLC incidence and mortality were observed for both total and dietary magnesium intakes (all p_nonlinearity < 0.05). In summary, in the US population, a high magnesium intake is associated with decreased risks of PLC incidence and mortality in a nonlinear dose–response manner. These findings support that increasing the consumption of foods rich in magnesium may be beneficial in reducing PLC incidence and mortality.     

地塞米松体外诱导宫颈癌细胞株凋亡及其机制的研究

目的 :研究地塞米松 (Dex)体外能否诱导宫颈癌细胞株 (HeLa细胞 )发生凋亡及其机制。方法 :采用透射电镜、DNALadder、流式细胞仪等方法进行凋亡检测 ,用ECLWesternblot方法检测凋亡过程中相关基因表达的变化。结果 :地塞米松体外作用于HeLa细胞后 ,透射电镜观察到了凋亡小体 ;DNALadder法也检测到了凋亡时DNA降解形成的梯带 ;流式细胞仪检测到了细胞凋亡峰 ,且峰值随着处理时间的延长而增高。在凋亡过程中 ,凋亡相关基因bcl 2表达下调 ,而p5 3基因表达无明显改变。结论 :地塞米松体外能诱导HeLa细胞发生凋亡 ,其机制与bcl 2基因的表达下调有关     

儿童侵袭性肺炎链球菌病54例临床特点及耐药性分析

目的了解儿童侵袭性肺炎链球菌疾病(IPD)的临床特点及侵袭性肺炎链球菌(Sp)的耐药情况。方法回顾性分析2009年至2012年收治的54例IPD患儿临床资料以及54株侵袭性Sp的药敏结果。结果 54例IPD患儿中男女比为1.35∶1,以2岁的婴幼儿居多,夏季起病少;临床诊断以脓毒血症为主,其次为脑膜炎;患儿均有发热,且以中高热为主;44例出现白细胞计数增高,42例出现CRP增高;β-内酰胺类抗生素使用最多,其次为万古霉素。侵袭性Sp对青霉素的不敏感率达59.26%,多重耐药率高达96.30%。结论 IPD发病存在一定季节差异;临床表现多样,脓毒血症最常见;侵袭性Sp对青霉素耐药性较高。     

T3调控氟他胺诱导大鼠隐睾生殖母细胞发育障碍及NCAM表达

目的 观察三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)对氟他胺( Flu)诱导的SD大鼠隐睾生殖母细胞(Go)发育及神经细胞黏附分子(NCAM)表达的调控作用.方法 15μg/(kg·d)T3皮下注射Flu诱导出生后第1 d(PD1)仔鼠、PD20隐睾仔鼠,观察干预后隐睾发生率、组织学改变,免疫组化及逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测N...     

Prenatal,perinatal and neonatal risk factors for perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

The aim of the present study was to perform a meta‐analysis of published data to determine the significance of clinical factors and exposures to the risk of perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke (PAIS) and provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment. A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases for relevant observational studies (cohort/case?control) from March 1984 to March 2016 was undertaken. Two review authors independently examined the full text records to determine which studies met the inclusion criteria and evaluated risk factors for PAIS. Risk ratios, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated. A total of 11 studies were included in the analyses. Intrapartum fever >38°C, pre‐eclampsia, oligohydramnios, primiparity, forceps delivery, vacuum delivery, fetal heart rate abnormalities, abnormal cardiotocography tracing, cord abnormalities, birth asphyxia, emergency caesarean section, tight nuchal cord, meconium‐stained amniotic fluid, umbilical arterial pH <7.10, Apgar score at 5 min <7, resuscitation at birth, hypoglycaemia, male gender and small for gestational age were identified as risk factors for PAIS. This systemic review and meta‐analysis provides a preliminary evidence‐based assessment of the risk factors for PAIS. Patients with any of the risk factors identified in this analysis should be given careful consideration to ensure the prevention of PAIS. Future studies focusing on the combined effects of multiple prenatal, perinatal and neonatal risk factors for PAIS are warranted.     

Prognostic factors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia with TCF3::PBX1 in CCCG-ALL-2015: A multicenter study

Background

Contemporary risk-directed treatment has improved the outcome of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and TCF3::PBX1 fusion. In this study, the authors seek to identify prognostic factors that can be used to further improve outcome.

Methods

The authors studied 384 patients with this genotype treated on Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 protocol between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019. All patients provisionally received intensified chemotherapy in the intermediate-risk arm without prophylactic cranial irradiation; those with high minimal residual disease (MRD) ≥1% at day 46 (end) of remission induction were candidates for hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Results

The overall 5-year event-free survival was 84.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.6–88.3) and 5-year overall survival 88.9% (95% CI, 85.5–92.4). Independent factors associated with lower 5-year event-free survival were male sex (80.4%, [95% CI, 74.8–86.4] vs. 88.9%, [95% CI, 84.1–93.9] in female, p = .03) and positive day 46 MRD (≥0.01%) (62.1%, [95% CI, 44.2–87.4] vs. 87.1%, [95% CI, 83.4–90.9] in patients with negative MRD, p < .001). The presence of testicular leukemia at diagnosis (n = 10) was associated with particularly dismal 5-year event-free survival (33.3% [95% CI, 11.6–96.1] vs. 83.0% [95% CI, 77.5–88.9] in the other 192 male patients, p < .001) and was an independent risk factor (hazard ratio [HR], 5.7; [95% CI, 2.2–14.5], p < .001).

Conclusions

These data suggest that the presence of positive MRD after intensive remission induction and testicular leukemia at diagnosis are indicators for new molecular therapeutics or immunotherapy in patients with TCF3::PBX1 ALL.     

高级别浆液性卵巢癌复发相关的潜在功能性关键 miRNA-mRNA：基于生物信息学方法

目的 探讨在高级别浆液性卵巢癌（HGSOC）中的潜在功能性miRNA-mRNA调控网络与复发的相关性及其生物学意义。方法 使用来自癌症和肿瘤基因图谱（TCGA）数据库的HGSOC患者样本表达数据,根据基因本体论生物过程（GO_BP）将HGSOC患者分成不同的亚型,分析不同亚型与复发的相关性;通过基因表达综合（GEO）数据库找到两个与复发相关的数据集,与TCGA数据取交集,获得共同差异表达的miRNAs;预测miRNAs的靶基因,构建与HGSOC复发相关的关键miRNA-mRNA网络;通过RT-qPCR及Western blot检测miR-506-3p与SNAI2的表达水平;双荧光素酶实验验证miR-506-3p与SNAI2的靶向结合;划痕实验及Trans well实验检测miR-506-3p对卵巢癌细胞迁移与侵袭的影响。结果 共筛选出与HGSOC相关通路活性的303个GO 通路,确定两个亚型C1和C2。亚型与复发相关,C1患者的复发概率显著高于C2患者。C1和C2亚型之间的差异表达基因主要富集在上皮间质转化（EMT）通路,GSE25204、GSE73582及TCGA 3个数据集中有5个共同差异表达的miRNAs,共有41个靶基因能在C1和C2亚型之间差异表达的EMT通路中找到,利用这5个miRNAs及41个mRNAs构建与HGSOC复发相关的关键miRNA-mRNA网络。MiR-506-3p与SNAI2靶向结合,上调miR-506-3p抑制了SNAI2表达及降低SKOV3和CAOV3的迁移及侵袭（P<0.05）;而敲低miR-506-3p显著上调SNAI2表达水平及增强SKOV3和CAOV3的迁移及侵袭（P<0.05）。结论 miR-506-3p和SNAI2是与HGSOC复发相关的关键分子,miR-506-3p可能通过SNAI2调控卵巢癌细胞的迁移和侵袭影响EMT,对HGSOC的复发有预测价值。     

The impact of viral dynamics on the clinical severity of infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis

The impact of dynamic respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) load on the clinical severity of hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis has not been clarified. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from 60 infants who were diagnosed with bronchiolitis within 96 hr of wheezing onset upon admission and on days 3, 5, and 7 in the hospital, and 17 respiratory viruses were detected. The RSV load was quantified by real‐time qPCR for RSV subtypes A and B at different time points. Scoring criteria were used to evaluate the degree of severity. A total of 40 infants were determined to be RSV‐positive, nine were identified as RSV subtype A (RSVA), and 31 were RSV subtype B (RSVB). The peak RSV load was observed upon admission, and the RSV load decreased significantly over time; in addition, this decrease began to have significant differences on day 5. There was a positive correlation between the RSV load and the clinical score (r² = 0.121 and P < 0.001). According to the clinical scores, the infants in the severe group tended to have higher RSV loads than those in the moderate and mild groups. Multivariate logistic regression models revealed that the viral load on day 3 was independently associated with the degree of severity. This study elucidated that a higher mean RSV load was associated with a more severe disease and a longer duration of hospitalization and symptoms. This study also clarified RSV replication in infants and provides a theoretical basis for specifying an anti‐RSV therapy strategy. J. Med. Virol. 87:1276–1284, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

     

Pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in China: Data and trends during 1998–2012

The success of treating a wide variety of pediatric diseases with HSCT, hematologic malignancies in particular, has resulted in an increased number of long‐term survivors. This study is the first large‐scale, multicentre report that describes the evolution of pediatric HSCTs in China during the period of 1998–2012. Of all 1052 patients, 266 cases were treated with autologous HSCs and 786 used allogeneic HSCs. The disease indications for HSCTs mainly included leukemias, lymphoma, solid tumors, and non‐malignant disorders. The total number of HSCTs, especially unrelated donor transplants, appeared to be increasing year by year. For patients with neuroblastoma, the therapeutic efficacy seemed to be poor, with a five‐yr OS and DFS rate of 34.5 ± 14.3% and 20.7 ± 9.6%, respectively. In contrast, the survival of patients with SAA was prominently improved, and their five‐yr OS and DFS rates were 82.8 ± 4% and 80.7 ± 4.1%, respectively. Patients who received cord blood transplants had a lower incidence of acute GVHD than that of PB and/or BM transplants from unrelated donors. This report offers us a valuable resource for evaluating the changes in HSCTs in China over the past 14 yr.